MPLS VPNs transport layer 2 packets across the network and encapsulate transport protocols such as ATM, Ethernet, and SONET, allowing MPLS networks to seemlessly upgrade and replace legacy layer 2 networks without requiring network reconfiguration or using protocols higher than layer 2. In comparison, layer 3 VPNs must use the layer 3 Internet Protocol (IP).

A T1 local access connection to the Internet that can be configured to carry either 24 digitized data channels or one aggregated concatenated data channel at a rate of 1.544 Megabits Per Second (Mbps) that is connected via a T1 Wan Interface Card (WIC), Channel Service Unit / Data Service Unit (CSU/DSU), and Internet router.

Voice over IP (VoIP) sends voice data in packets using the Internet Protocol (IP) instead of analog waves as does plain old telephone service (POTS) lines.

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The main limitation on DSL bandwidth speed is the distance from the customer premise to the local telephone company central office.

MPLS VPNs use Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) to set up Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) that can isolate data traffic to provide Class of Service (CoS), Quality of Service (QoS), and ease network administration with minimal network overhead. Layer 3 MPLS VPNs (L3VPNs) use BGP, traffic isolation and Virtual Routing / Forwarding (VRF) for network routing and security. MPLS VPNs are more efficient and robust than IPSec VPN, ATM, MPLS L3VPNs.

Ethernet is the most widely-used data network protocol today. Standardized as IEEE 802.3, the Ethernet protocol is used for local area networks (LANs) at the Layer 1 (Physical Layer) and Layer 2 (Data Link Layer) of the OSI networking model.

Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) connects end users (subscribers) to the Internet via a plain old telephone service (POTS) line that uses an existing copper pair but has been sped up by a Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM) located at the service provider centeral office (CO) to form a continuous digital high-speed data connection from the customer premise to the Internet.

Exlpore why Ethernet is probably the next killer broadband delivery platform.

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Layer 2 MPLS VPNs (L2VPNs) are similar to Frame Relay, Asynchronous Transfer Mode, or point-to-point Wide Area Networks (WANs).